Izod impact testing is an ASTM standard method of determining the impact resistance of materials.
A pivoting arm is raised to a specific height (constant potential energy) and then released.
The arm swings down hitting a notched sample, breaking the specimen.
The energy absorbed by the sample is calculated from the height the arm swings to after hitting the sample.
A notched sample is generally used to determine impact energy and notch sensitivity....
The test is similar to the Charpy impact test but uses a different arrangement of the specimen under test.[
he Izod impact test differs from the Charpy impact test in that the sample is held in a cantilevered beam
configuration as opposed to a three-point bending configuration.
Impact is a very important phenomenon in governing the life of a structure. For example, in the case of an
aircraft, impact can take place by a bird hitting a plane while it is cruising, or during take off and landing the
aircraft may be struck by debris that is present on the runway, and as well as other causes. It must also be
calculated for roads if speed breakers are present, in bridge construction where vehicles punch an impact load, etc.
Impact tests are used in studying the toughness of material. A material's toughness is a factor of its ability
to absorb energy during plastic deformation. Brittle materials have low toughness as a result of the small
amount of plastic deformation they can endure. The impact value of a material can also change with temperature.
Generally, at lower temperatures, the impact energy of a material is decreased. The size of the specimen may also
affect the value of the Izod impact test because it may allow a different number of imperfections in the material,
which can act as stress risers and lower the impact energy.
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